What is the working principle of hydro power plant?

What is the working principle of hydro power plant?

The working principle of the hydroelectric power plant is that it converts the potential energy (due to the elevation of water from the channel) and the kinetic energy (due to fast-flowing water) of the water into mechanical energy with the help of turbines.

What are the uses of hydro power plant?

Hydropower plants are planned, constructed, and operated to meet human needs: electricity generation, irrigated agricultural production, flood control, public and industrial water supply, drinking water supply, and various other purposes.

What are the 3 main components of hydroelectric power plant?

A typical hydroelectric plant is a system with three parts: a power plant where the electricity is produced, a dam that can be opened or closed to control water flow, and a reservoir where water is stored. The water behind the dam flows through an intake and pushes against blades in a turbine, causing them to turn.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydro power plant?

Pros and cons of hydropower

Pros of hydropower	Cons of hydropower
Renewable energy source	Some adverse environmental impact
Pairs well with other renewables	Expensive up-front
Can meet peak electricity demand	Lack of available reservoirs

How is electricity made with water?

Flowing water creates energy that can be captured and turned into electricity. ... The most common type of hydroelectric power plant uses a dam on a river to store water in a reservoir. Water released from the reservoir flows through a turbine, spinning it, which in turn activates a generator to produce electricity.

What are 5 disadvantages of hydropower?

Here are a few of the main disadvantages of hydroelectric energy.

• It Has an Environmental Impact. Perhaps the largest disadvantage of hydroelectric energy is the impact it can have on the environment. ...
• It Displaces People. ...
• It's Expensive. ...
• There are Limited Reservoirs. ...
• There are Droughts. ...
• It's Not Always Safe.

Why hydropower is bad?

Hydropower has the ability to generate electricity without emitting greenhouse gasses. However, it can also cause environmental and social threats, such as damaged wildlife habitat, harmed water quality, obstructed fish migration, and diminished recreational benefits of rivers.

What are the four major types of hydropower plants?

There are four types of hydropower facilities: impoundment, diversion, run-of-river, and pumped storage.

What are the limitations of hydro power plant?

Disadvantages of Hydroelectric Energy

• Environmental Consequences. The environmental consequences of hydropower are related to interventions in nature due to damming of water, changed water flow and the construction of roads and power lines. ...
• Expensive. ...
• Droughts. ...
• Limited Reservoirs.

How do dams make electricity?

The dam stores lots of water behind it in the reservoir. ... Gravity causes it to fall through the penstock inside the dam. At the end of the penstock there is a turbine propellor, which is turned by the moving water. The shaft from the turbine goes up into the generator, which produces the power.